2019年6月5日 星期三

HKDSE Useful English Synonyms

Active, constructive, enthusiastic, passionate, positive, zealous

Active (積極 )- engaged in action; characterized by energetic work, participation, etc
eg: an active life

Constructive (建設性的)- serving to build or improve; positive:
eg: constructive criticism

Enthusiastic (熱心 熱情) - having or showing intense and eager enjoyment, interest, or approval
eg: He seems very enthusiastic about his role in the play.

Passionate (多情 激情 熱情的) - Having, showing, or caused by strong feelings or beliefs
eg: he is passionate about football.

Positive (積極 正面) - Constructive, optimistic, or confident
eg: adopt a positive outlook on life

Zealous (熱心) - Having or showing great energy or enthusiasm
eg: the council was extremely zealous in the application of the regulations

Active vs Positive
active is having the power or quality of acting; causing change; communicating action or motion; acting;—opposed to passive, that receives while positive is (legal) formally laid down.

Basal, basic, customary, fundamental, original, primary

Basal (基礎) - forming or belonging to a bottom layer or base; usually of an organ
eg: basal epidermal cells; the plant grows huge basal leaves

Basic (基本的) - forming an essential foundation or starting point; fundamental
eg: basic human rights; basic requirements

Customary (慣常的) - according to the customs or usual practices associated with a particular society, place, or set of circumstances
eg: it is customary to mark an occasion like this with a toast

Fundamental (基本的) - forming a necessary base or core; of central importance
eg: the fundamental problem remains that of the housing shortage
      the theories are based on a fundamental error

Original (原本的) - present or existing from the beginning; first or earliest

eg: the original owner of the hosue; original principles;

Primary (主要, 最初的) - of chief importance; principal
eg: the government’s primary aim is to see significant reductions in unemployment

Basic vs Fundamental 
fundamental is pertaining to the foundation or basis; serving for the foundation hence: essential, as an element, principle, or law; important; original; elementary; as, a fundamental truth; a fundamental axiom while basic is necessary, essential for life or some process.

Main vs Primary 
main is (label) great in size or degree; vast; strong; powerful; important while primary is the first in a group or series.


Consequential Meaningful Relevant Significant

Consequential - Important; significant:
eg: the new congress lacked consequential leaders

Meaningful - serious, important, or worthwhile
eg: the new structure would bring meaingful savings

Relevant - closely connected or appropriate to what is being done or considered
eg: the canadiate's experence is relevant to the job

Significant - having a particular meaning; indicative of something:
eg: most significant of all

Meaningful vs Significant
significant is signifying something; carrying meaning while meaningful is having meaning, significant.
eg: statistically significant (not statistically meaningful)
    a meaningfl wink; a meaningful choice

Crucial Essential Important Main Momentous Significant Staple Vital   

Crucial - involving an extremely important decision or result; decisive; critical
eg: a crucial experiment

Essential - absolutely necessary
eg: The essential emements of human begins are earth, air, water and fire

Important - of great significance or value
eg: an important event in world history; important guests

Main - chief in size or importance
eg: a main road; the main problem

Momentous - of great importance or significance, especially in having a bearing on future events
eg: a momentous decision; a period of momentous changes in East-West relations

Significant - sufficiently great or important to be worthy of attention; noteworthy
eg: a significant increase in sales

Staple - main or important, especially in terms of consumption (important term in trade and production)
eg: the staple foods of the poor; rice was the staple crop grown in most villages

Vital - absolutely necessary; essential
eg: the vital organs;
      - full of energy
eg: a vital girl

Crucial vs Essential 
crucial is being essential or decisive for determining the outcome or future of something; extremely important while essential is necessary.

Crucial vs Main
main is (label) great in size or degree; vast; strong; powerful; important while crucial is being essential or decisive for determining the outcome or future of something; extremely important.

Crucial vs Important
crucial is extremely important

Essential vs Vital
essential is necessary while vital is relating to, or characteristic of life.

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